Yuav tiv thaiv cov kab nrib pleb hauv cov hlab ntsha siab li cas?

I. Kev Xaiv thiab Kev Tswj Xyuas Cov Khoom Siv - Tswj Kev Ruaj Ntseg Ntawm Qhov Chaw

1. Xaiv cov khoom siv nrog kev sib tsoo zoo heev

Ua ntej qis- carbon sib npaug steels (xws li SA516GR70), uas muaj qhov zoo weldability thiab tsis tshua muaj kev sib tw txias.

Rau ib puag ncig uas muaj corrosive media xws li sulfur thiab chlorine, tsis txhob siv cov khoom rhiab rau kev ntxhov siab corrosion, xws li austenitic stainless hlau.

Nyob rau hauv qis- qhov kub thiab txias, xaiv cov khoom uas muaj qhov tsis zoo- qhov kub thiab txias los xyuas kom meej tias lub zog cuam tshuam tau raws li qhov ntsuas kub tsim (xws li, Ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 27J ntawm -46℃).

2. Kev tswj xyuas cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom tsis zoo

Txwv cov sulfur thiab phosphorus cov ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus hlau thiab vuam cov ntaub ntawv (feem ntau Tsawg tshaj los yog sib npaug zos rau 0.03% ~ 0.04%) los tiv thaiv kub tawg thiab nkig puas.

Tswj cov ntsiab lus carbon (feem ntau<0.12% in welding wire) to reduce the tendency for crystallization cracking.

3. Kev ziab thiab tu cov khoom siv vuam

Siv tsawg-hydrogen vuam electrodes thiab nruj me ntsis kom qhuav lawv raws li cov kev cai kom tsis txhob ya raws decomposition thiab qhia txog hydrogen, txo cov kev pheej hmoo ntawm hydrogen-induced cracking. Ntxuav lub bevel thiab ob sab kom tshem tawm cov roj, xeb, noo noo, thiab lwm yam impurities, txo cov hydrogen qhov chaw thiab kev pheej hmoo ntawm slag inclusions.

II. Optimize Vuam txheej txheem - Tswj kev kub ntxhov thiab hydrogen diffusion

1. Preheating thiab Interpass Temperature Control

Rau tuab-walled los yog siab- lub zog steel ntim, preheat (feem ntau yog 150-300 degree) kom txo tau qhov txias txias, qeeb hydrogen diffusion, thiab tiv thaiv kom txhob txias tawg.

Tuav qhov ntsuas kub ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov kub ntawm qhov preheating kom tsis txhob rov ua kom cov kab nrib pleb tshwm sim los ntawm kev rov ua cua sov ntawm cov vuam.

2. Kev xaiv kev xaiv ntawm vuam tsis sib xws thiab ib ntus

Tswj vuam tam sim no, qhov hluav taws xob, thiab ceev kom tsis txhob muaj cua sov ntau dhau ua rau cov nplej coarsening lossis tsis txaus fusion.

Siv symmetrical welding thiab segmented rov qab - vuam cov txheej txheem kom disperse restraint stress thiab txo vuam deformation thiab residual stress.

Tsis txhob "nceb-zoo li" welds, txhim kho weld hlaws tsim coefficient, thiab txo qhov nyiam ntawm crystallization cracking.

3. Tshaj tawm -weld heat treatment thiab post-weld hydrogen tshem tawm

Ua haujlwm tom qab-weld kev kho cua sov (piv txwv li, tuav ntawm 200-300℃rau ob peb teev) txhawm rau ua kom cov hydrogen khiav tawm thiab tiv thaiv kev tawg qeeb.

Rau cov hlab ntsha uas ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab corrosion lossis ua los ntawm siab -lub zog steel, ua haujlwm tom qab-weld stress-relieving heat treatment (PWHT) kom txo tau cov kev ntxhov siab seem.

III. Tus qauv tsim thiab kev tswj kev ntxhov siab - txo qis kev ntxhov siab

1. Kev tsim qauv tsim kom zoo

Zam cov ces kaum ntse thiab nrawm nrawm- ntu; txais yuav kev hloov pauv tus qauv tsim kom txo tau cov kev ntxhov siab hauv cheeb tsam.

Txhim kho hom kev sib koom ua ke, xws li hloov cov nozzles rau cov dej ntws yaug, kom txo cov kev txwv nruj thiab tiv thaiv kom rov ua kom tawg.

2. Tswj kev tsim khoom seem kev nyuaj siab

Tshem tawm cov kev ntxhov siab uas tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm machining thiab vuam los ntawm kev kho cua sov, tua peening, thiab lwm yam.

Tsis txhob ua haujlwm txias dhau los tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm nyuaj thiab pib microcrack.

3. Siv Steel Resistant rau Lamellar Tear

Rau loj, tuab- cov hlab ntsha phab ntsa, xaiv ultra- cov hlau tsis muaj sulfur (S Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.005%) lossis hlau nrog cov kev hloov kho ntxiv los ua kom cov nplej loj, txhim kho kev tiv thaiv lamellar tearing.

IV. Kev Tiv Thaiv thiab Kev Tswj Xyuas Thaum Lub Sijhawm Ua Haujlwm thiab Kev Saib Xyuas - Tiv Thaiv Kev Tshaj Tawm Txog Kev Tshaj Tawm Thaum Ua Haujlwm

1. Tswj kev hloov pauv hauv kev ua haujlwm

Tsis txhob nquag pib-ups thiab kaw, thiab hloov pauv loj hauv siab thiab kub kom txo tau qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm qaug zog tawg.

Rau cov hlab ntsha nyob rau hauv alternating loads, ua qaug zog tsim thiab xaiv cov ntaub ntawv uas zoo plasticity.

2. Tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab Corrosion Cracking (SCC)

Xaiv cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog, zam cov khoom tsis sib haum nrog cov xov xwm rhiab heev (xws li, tsis txhob siv austenitic stainless hlau hauv qhov chaw dej hiav txwv).

Txhim kho qhov corrosive ib puag ncig los ntawm kev tiv thaiv cathodic, txheej cais, lossis ntxiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv corrosion.

Tswj cov concentration thiab kub ntawm alkali daws; post-weld kev kho cua sov yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua thaum muaj qhov tseem ceeb tshaj.

3. Kev soj ntsuam ib ntus thiab kuaj pom ntxov

Ua kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas sab nraud, tsis yog- kuaj kev puas tsuaj, thiab kev ntsuas phab ntsa tuab raws li "Cov Cai rau Lub Sijhawm Kev Ntsuam Xyuas Lub Hwjchim Siab". Tsom ntsoov rau kev tshuaj xyuas qhov siab - thaj chaw muaj kev pheej hmoo xws li vuam, lub taub hau, thiab qhov chaw hloov pauv ntawm lub kaus mom kawg kom pom sai thiab hais txog microcracks.